Culverts

A conduit for the free passage of surface drainage water under a highway, railroad, canal, or other embankment. Proper culvert design prevents the hazards and concurrent expenses of washouts, erosion, flooding, and inundation of adjacent land. Culverts require that pipe are strong to meet the embankment earth and traffic loads encountered, durable, resistant to abrasion and combustion, and are available in versatile shapes.

Applicable Specifications and Recommended Use

Pipe and Special Shapes

ASTM C 76 Reinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
C 76 pipe is used for sizes 12" - 144" in diameter and is available with bell and spigot or tongue and groove ends utilizing cement mortar or mastic compound joints. These joints are adequate for most storm sewer installations. For special conditions of internal or external head, joints may be provided meeting the requirements of ASTM C 443 or ASTM C 361 utilizing a rubber gasket. This type of pipe is the most commonly used storm sewer pipe because of its excellent hydraulic capacity, capabilities in meeting any variety of load conditions, and its excellent hydraulic capacity. It is available with a number of related appurtenances.

ASTM C 655 Reinforced Concrete D-Load Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
C 655 pipe is used for sizes 12" - 144" diameters designed for specific D-Load strengths. Joints provided for most culvert construction employ cement mortar or mastic compound. The properties of the pipe are similar to ASTM C 76 pipe except that the pipe may be designed for a specific D-Load strength and the design accepted on the basis of a statistical analysis of test specimens.

Special Shape Pipe and Precast Concrete Boxes

Also available for culvert use are the following special shape pipe and precast boxes with the same characteristics and properties as given for sanitary sewers.

ASTM C 506 Reinforced Concrete Arch Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe

ASTM C 507 Reinforced Concrete Elliptical Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe

ASTM C 789 Precast Reinforced Concrete Box Sections for Culverts, Storm Drain, and Sewers

ASTM C 850 Precast Reinforced Concrete Box Sections for Culverts, Strom Drains and Sewers With Less Than 2’ of Cover Subjected to Highway Loadings.

ASTM C 1433 Standard Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Box Sections For Culverts, Storm Drains and Sewers.
C1433 Specification covers single-cell precast reinforced concrete box sections intended to be used for the construction of culverts for the conveyance of storm water, industrial wastes and sewage.

Joints

Cement Mortar and Mastic Compound
All pipe, special shapes, and boxes are available with tongue and groove joints that may be packed with cement mortar, filled with a preformed plastic gasket sealing compound, or a trowel applied mastic compound. Such joints have a record of successful use in culverts. Properly applied mastic joint fillers provide flexibility without impairing watertightness.

ASTM C 443 Joints for Circular Concrete Sewer and Culvert Pipe, Using Rubber Gaskets
C 443 joints are intended for use with pipe manufactured to meet the requirements of ASTM C 14 or ASTM C 76 and may be used with either bell and spigot or tongue and groove pipe. The joint is made up of concrete surfaces with a compression type rubber gasket. These joints are normally used in sanitary sewers to hold infiltration and exfiltration to a practical minimum and are adequate for hydrostatic heads up to 30'.

ASTM C361 Reinforced Concrete to Low-Head Pressure Pipe (Joints)
C 361 joints are employed for use with pipe manufactured to meet the requirements of ASTM C76. The joint is made up of concrete surfaces with a groove on the spigot for an O-ring rubber gasket (also referred to as a confined O-ring type joint). These joints are normally used in gravity sewers where exceptional tightness is required. This type of joint provides excellent inherent water tightness in both the straight and deflected position and meets all the joint requirements of ASTM C 443.

The R-4 pipe joint with a thicker bell and spigot is a variation of the ASTM C 361 joint proposed and effected by the Bureau of Reclamation.




Sanitary Sewer Pipe Storm Sewer Pipe Culverts Elliptical Pipe Jacking Pipe Fittings and Specials Box Culverts Hy-Span Bridges Temporary Median Barrier Culverts A conduit for the free passage of surface drainage water under a highway, railroad, canal, or other embankment. Proper culvert design prevents the hazards and concurrent expenses of washouts, erosion, flooding, and inundation of adjacent land. Culverts require that pipe are strong to meet the embankment earth and traffic loads encountered, durable, resistant to abrasion and combustion, and are available in versatile shapes. Applicable Specifications and Recommended Use Pipe and Special Shapes ASTM C 76 Reinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe C 76 pipe is used for sizes 12" - 144" in diameter and is available with bell and spigot or tongue and groove ends utilizing cement mortar or mastic compound joints. These joints are adequate for most storm sewer installations. For special conditions of internal or external head, joints may be provided meeting the requirements of ASTM C 443 or ASTM C 361 utilizing a rubber gasket. This type of pipe is the most commonly used storm sewer pipe because of its excellent hydraulic capacity, capabilities in meeting any variety of load conditions, and its excellent hydraulic capacity. It is available with a number of related appurtenances. ASTM C 655 Reinforced Concrete D-Load Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe C 655 pipe is used for sizes 12" - 144" diameters designed for specific D-Load strengths. Joints provided for most culvert construction employ cement mortar or mastic compound. The properties of the pipe are similar to ASTM C 76 pipe except that the pipe may be designed for a specific D-Load strength and the design accepted on the basis of a statistical analysis of test specimens. Special Shape Pipe and Precast Concrete Boxes Also available for culvert use are the following special shape pipe and precast boxes with the same characteristics and properties as given for sanitary sewers. ASTM C 506 Reinforced Concrete Arch Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe ASTM C 507 Reinforced Concrete Elliptical Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe ASTM C 789 Precast Reinforced Concrete Box Sections for Culverts, Storm Drain, and Sewers ASTM C 850 Precast Reinforced Concrete Box Sections for Culverts, Strom Drains and Sewers With Less Than 2’ of Cover Subjected to Highway Loadings. ASTM C 1433 Standard Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Box Sections For Culverts, Storm Drains and Sewers. C1433 Specification covers single-cell precast reinforced concrete box sections intended to be used for the construction of culverts for the conveyance of storm water, industrial wastes and sewage. Joints Cement Mortar and Mastic Compound All pipe, special shapes, and boxes are available with tongue and groove joints that may be packed with cement mortar, filled with a preformed plastic gasket sealing compound, or a trowel applied mastic compound. Such joints have a record of successful use in culverts. Properly applied mastic joint fillers provide flexibility without impairing watertightness. ASTM C 443 Joints for Circular Concrete Sewer and Culvert Pipe, Using Rubber Gaskets C 443 joints are intended for use with pipe manufactured to meet the requirements of ASTM C 14 or ASTM C 76 and may be used with either bell and spigot or tongue and groove pipe. The joint is made up of concrete surfaces with a compression type rubber gasket. These joints are normally used in sanitary sewers to hold infiltration and exfiltration to a practical minimum and are adequate for hydrostatic heads up to 30'. ASTM C361 Reinforced Concrete to Low-Head Pressure Pipe (Joints) C 361 joints are employed for use with pipe manufactured to meet the requirements of ASTM C76. The joint is made up of concrete surfaces with a groove on the spigot for an O-ring rubber gasket (also referred to as a confined O-ring type joint). These joints are normally used in gravity sewers where exceptional tightness is required. This type of joint provides excellent inherent water tightness in both the straight and deflected position and meets all the joint requirements of ASTM C 443. The R-4 pipe joint with a thicker bell and spigot is a variation of the ASTM C 361 joint proposed and effected by the Bureau of Reclamation.